Infertility is a complex medical condition affecting both men and women, often caused by hormonal imbalances, genetic factors, or underlying disorders such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and endometriosis. PCOS disrupts ovulation, leading to irregular menstrual cycles and reduced fertility, while endometriosis causes inflammation and scarring, impairing reproductive function. Male factor infertility, commonly associated with low sperm count, poor motility, or abnormal morphology, requires thorough evaluation through semen analysis and hormone assessments. Accurate diagnosis through advanced imaging, laboratory tests, and genetic screening is essential for effective treatment planning.
Significant advancements in assisted reproductive technologies (ART) have revolutionized fertility treatment. Procedures such as in vitro fertilization (IVF), intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), and intrauterine insemination (IUI) offer viable solutions for couples facing conception challenges. Fertility preservation techniques, including egg and sperm freezing, provide options for individuals delaying parenthood due to medical or personal reasons. Personalized treatment strategies, incorporating lifestyle modifications, hormonal therapies, and surgical interventions, play a crucial role in optimizing reproductive outcomes. Early diagnosis and a multidisciplinary approach remain key to managing infertility and improving the chances of successful conception.